Arteries - Revision history

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ Thumb

2022-06-19T18:59:00Z

Microscopic examination: Thumb

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:59, 19 June 2022
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	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.		File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.
	File:Histopathology of giant cell arteritis.png\|Evaluate for '''giant cell arteritis''' at least upon request. It is characterized by a granulomatous inflammation of arteries with discontinuous and fragmented internal elastic lamina.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/eyeorbittemporalarteritis.html\|title=Eye - Orbit & optic nerve - Temporal arteritis\|author=Nat Pernick, M.D.\|website=PathologyOutlines}} Last author update: 1 February 2014. Last staff update: 29 December 2020</ref>
	</gallery>		</gallery>
			[[File:Histopathology of giant cell arteritis.png\|thumb\|400px\|Evaluate for '''giant cell arteritis''' at least upon request. It is characterized by a granulomatous inflammation of arteries with discontinuous and fragmented internal elastic lamina.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/eyeorbittemporalarteritis.html\|title=Eye - Orbit & optic nerve - Temporal arteritis\|author=Nat Pernick, M.D.\|website=PathologyOutlines}} Last author update: 1 February 2014. Last staff update: 29 December 2020</ref>]]

	===Microscopy report===		===Microscopy report===

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ +Temporal arteritis

2022-04-25T16:06:34Z

Microscopic examination: +Temporal arteritis

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:06, 25 April 2022
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	==Microscopic examination==		==Microscopic examination==
			*Confirm that it is '''actually an artery''' (may be a vein, and a neuron may look grossly like a small artery).
	*Look for '''atherosclerosis''' and '''[[thrombosis]]'''.		*Look for '''atherosclerosis''' and '''[[thrombosis]]'''.
	*Classify atherosclerosis as '''mild, moderate or severe'''.		*Classify atherosclerosis as '''mild, moderate or severe'''.
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	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.		File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.
			File:Histopathology of giant cell arteritis.png\|Evaluate for '''giant cell arteritis''' at least upon request. It is characterized by a granulomatous inflammation of arteries with discontinuous and fragmented internal elastic lamina.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/eyeorbittemporalarteritis.html\|title=Eye - Orbit & optic nerve - Temporal arteritis\|author=Nat Pernick, M.D.\|website=PathologyOutlines}} Last author update: 1 February 2014. Last staff update: 29 December 2020</ref>
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ generalized

2020-12-29T19:47:32Z

Microscopic examination: generalized

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:47, 29 December 2020
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	*Look for '''atherosclerosis''' and '''[[thrombosis]]'''.		*Look for '''atherosclerosis''' and '''[[thrombosis]]'''.
	*Classify atherosclerosis as '''mild, moderate or severe'''.		*Classify atherosclerosis as '''mild, moderate or severe'''.
	*If cross-sections were made, estimate the '''maximum percentage of ~~stenosis~~''' for each artery.		*If cross-sections were made, estimate the '''maximum percentage of occlusion''' for each artery.

	<gallery mode=packed heights=210>		<gallery mode=packed heights=210>

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ 1

2020-12-29T19:45:24Z

Microscopic examination: 1

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:45, 29 December 2020
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	*If cross-sections were made, estimate the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' for each artery.		*If cross-sections were made, estimate the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' for each artery.

	<gallery mode=packed heights=~~250~~>		<gallery mode=packed heights=210>
	File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>		File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>
	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with extracellular lipid.jpg\|A '''progressive atherosclerotic lesion''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with extracellular lipid.jpg\|A '''progressive atherosclerotic lesion''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ Made individual

2020-12-29T19:39:49Z

Microscopic examination: Made individual

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:39, 29 December 2020
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	<gallery mode=packed heights=250>		<gallery mode=packed heights=250>
	File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>		File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>
	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic ~~lesions~~.jpg\|~~Histopathology of~~ '''progressive atherosclerotic ~~lesions~~''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. ~~Fibrous~~ cap atheroma ~~(B)~~ has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques ~~(C)~~ are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with extracellular lipid.jpg\|A '''progressive atherosclerotic lesion''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
			File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with fibrous cap and necrotic core.jpg\|'''Progressive lesion''': A fibrous cap atheroma has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC).<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
			File:Histopathology of a fibrocalcific atheroma.jpg\|'''Progressive lesion''': Fibrocalcific plaques are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.		File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ Estimated

2020-12-22T20:40:45Z

Microscopic examination: Estimated

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:40, 22 December 2020
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	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area).		File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ +Calculation

2020-12-22T19:50:37Z

Microscopic examination: +Calculation

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:50, 22 December 2020
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	==Microscopic examination==		==Microscopic examination==
	*Look for atherosclerosis and [[thrombosis]].		*Look for '''atherosclerosis''' and '''[[thrombosis]]'''.
	*Classify atherosclerosis as mild, moderate or severe.		*Classify atherosclerosis as '''mild, moderate or severe'''.
	*If cross-sections were made, estimate the maximum percentage of stenosis for each artery~~. Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations should be made as if the walls again took a circular shape~~.		*If cross-sections were made, estimate the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' for each artery.

	<gallery mode=packed heights=250>		<gallery mode=packed heights=250>
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	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
			File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area).
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Mikael Häggström: /* Presentations */ +Thrombus

2020-09-10T22:28:24Z

Presentations: +Thrombus

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:28, 10 September 2020
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	File:Arterial aneurysm.jpg\|link=Aneurysm\|'''[[Aneurysm]]'''		File:Arterial aneurysm.jpg\|link=Aneurysm\|'''[[Aneurysm]]'''
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			*[[Thrombus]]

	==Gross processing==		==Gross processing==

Mikael Häggström: Linked

2020-09-10T22:27:21Z

Linked

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:27, 10 September 2020
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	==Microscopic examination==		==Microscopic examination==
	*Look for atherosclerosis and thrombosis.		*Look for atherosclerosis and [[thrombosis]].
	*Classify atherosclerosis as mild, moderate or severe.		*Classify atherosclerosis as mild, moderate or severe.
	*If cross-sections were made, estimate the maximum percentage of stenosis for each artery. Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations should be made as if the walls again took a circular shape.		*If cross-sections were made, estimate the maximum percentage of stenosis for each artery. Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations should be made as if the walls again took a circular shape.
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	File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>		File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>
	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''progressive atherosclerotic lesions''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. Fibrous cap atheroma (B) has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques (C) are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen thrombus (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Mikael Häggström: /* Microscopic examination */ Expanded

2020-08-19T12:54:20Z

Microscopic examination: Expanded

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:54, 19 August 2020
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	*Look for atherosclerosis and thrombosis.		*Look for atherosclerosis and thrombosis.
	*Classify atherosclerosis as mild, moderate or severe.		*Classify atherosclerosis as mild, moderate or severe.
	*~~Estimate~~ the maximum percentage of stenosis for each artery. Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations should be made as if the walls again took a circular shape.		*If cross-sections were made, estimate the maximum percentage of stenosis for each artery. Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations should be made as if the walls again took a circular shape.

	<gallery mode=packed heights=250>		<gallery mode=packed heights=250>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:39, 29 December 2020
Line 24:		Line 24:
	<gallery mode=packed heights=250>		<gallery mode=packed heights=250>
	File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>		File:Histopathology of pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions.jpg\|Histopathology of '''pre-atherosclerotic intimal lesions''': Intimal thickening (A) consists mainly of smooth muscle cells in a proteoglycan-rich matrix. Intimal xanthoma (B) displays intimal thickening with isolated foam cells (arrows).<ref name="YangFisher2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Yang\|first1=Wen Jie\|last2=Fisher\|first2=Mark\|last3=Zheng\|first3=Lu\|last4=Niu\|first4=Chun Bo\|last5=Paganini-Hill\|first5=Annlia\|last6=Zhao\|first6=Hai Lu\|last7=Xu\|first7=Yun\|last8=Wong\|first8=Ka Sing\|last9=Ng\|first9=Ho Keung\|last10=Chen\|first10=Xiang Yan\|title=Histological Characteristics of Intracranial Atherosclerosis in a Chinese Population: A Postmortem Study\|journal=Frontiers in Neurology\|volume=8\|year=2017\|issn=1664-2295\|doi=10.3389/fneur.2017.00488}}</ref>
	File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic ~~lesions~~.jpg\|~~Histopathology of~~ '''progressive atherosclerotic ~~lesions~~''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis. ~~Fibrous~~ cap atheroma ~~(B)~~ has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC). Fibrocalcific plaques ~~(C)~~ are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with extracellular lipid.jpg\|A '''progressive atherosclerotic lesion''': Pathological intima thickening (A) has some extracellular lipid (EL) present deep in the lesion without true necrosis.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
			File:Histopathology of progressive atherosclerotic lesion with fibrous cap and necrotic core.jpg\|'''Progressive lesion''': A fibrous cap atheroma has a well-formed necrotic core (NC) containing lipids with an overlying thick fibrous cap (FC).<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
			File:Histopathology of a fibrocalcific atheroma.jpg\|'''Progressive lesion''': Fibrocalcific plaques are heavily calcified lesions with or without a necrotic core.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>		File:Histopathology of plaque components in atherosclerosis.jpg\|Histopathology of '''plaque components''' in atherosclerosis: (A) Intraplaque neovasculature (arrows); (B) intraplaque hemorrhage; (C) large areas of calcification seen as purple morula; (D) lumen [[thrombus]] (arrowhead); stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); (E) macrophage infiltration; stained with CD68 antibodies.<ref name="YangFisher2017"/>
	File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.		File:Histopathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis, annotated.jpg\|Cross-sections collapse more or less after cutting, and estimations of the '''maximum percentage of stenosis''' should be made as imagined on an expanded blood vessel, as: 1-(lumen area)/(atherosclerosis area). In this case, there is 45-50% stenosis.