Colon ischemia: Difference between revisions
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{{Fixation - standard}} | {{Fixation - standard}} | ||
Causes include volvulus and arterial occlusion. | |||
==Comprehensiveness== | ==Comprehensiveness== | ||
{{Comprehensiveness}} | {{Comprehensiveness}} | ||
==Gross examination== | ==Gross examination== | ||
*Measure specimen '''length''' | |||
*Measure smallest and largest '''diameter''' | |||
*Describe '''serosa''' (color, adhesions) and '''mesentery''' | |||
*If a '''volvulus''' is still twisted, describe the twist and measure its distances from the resection margins | |||
*'''Open''' the bowel. Most will be filled with air, others filled with feces | |||
*Describe the '''mucosa''' - color, presence or absence of mucosal folds | |||
*Measure the '''thickness''' of the bowel wall | |||
*'''Sections''' submitted for microscopy: | |||
:*Resection margins | |||
:*Transition between normal and abnormal | |||
:*Any mesenteric abnormality or enlarged lymph node | |||
===Gross report=== | |||
Example: | Example: | ||
{|class=wikitable | {|class=wikitable | ||
| {{Moderate-begin}} Countainer is labeled: ____ {{Moderate-end}}. The specimen {{Moderate-begin}}is received in formalin and{{Moderate-end}} consists of of bowel measuring __ cm in length{{Moderate-begin}}, __ cm in diameter{{Moderate-end}} and __ cm in thickness. The bowel grossly appears edematous. {{Moderate-begin}}Representative sections are submitted for microscopic examination in __ cassettes.{{Moderate-end}} | | {{Moderate-begin}} Countainer is labeled: ____ {{Moderate-end}}. The specimen {{Moderate-begin}}is received in formalin and{{Moderate-end}} consists of of bowel measuring __ cm in length{{Moderate-begin}}, __ cm in diameter{{Moderate-end}} and __ cm in thickness. The bowel grossly appears edematous. {{Moderate-begin}}Representative sections are submitted for microscopic examination in __ cassettes.{{Moderate-end}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Further|Colon}} | |||
==Microscopic examination== | ==Microscopic examination== | ||
Revision as of 10:39, 12 August 2020
Author:
Mikael Häggström [note 1]
Fixation
Generally 10% neutral buffered formalin. Causes include volvulus and arterial occlusion.
Comprehensiveness
Comprehensiveness
On this resource, the following formatting is used for comprehensiveness:
- Minimal depth
- (Moderate depth)
- ((Comprehensive))
Gross examination
- Measure specimen length
- Measure smallest and largest diameter
- Describe serosa (color, adhesions) and mesentery
- If a volvulus is still twisted, describe the twist and measure its distances from the resection margins
- Open the bowel. Most will be filled with air, others filled with feces
- Describe the mucosa - color, presence or absence of mucosal folds
- Measure the thickness of the bowel wall
- Sections submitted for microscopy:
- Resection margins
- Transition between normal and abnormal
- Any mesenteric abnormality or enlarged lymph node
Gross report
Example:
| ( Countainer is labeled: ____ ). The specimen (is received in formalin and) consists of of bowel measuring __ cm in length(, __ cm in diameter) and __ cm in thickness. The bowel grossly appears edematous. (Representative sections are submitted for microscopic examination in __ cassettes.) |
Further information: Colon
Microscopic examination
The main signs of colon ischemia are:[1]
- Thrombosis, which may be hyaline in small vessels
- Necrosis, ulceration and granulation tissue, extending into submucosa and surrounding smooth muscle fibers of muscularis mucosa
- Hemorrhage and edema in lamina propria
- Hyaline thrombi
Notes
- ↑ For a full list of contributors, see article history. Creators of images are attributed at the image description pages, seen by clicking on the images. See Patholines:Authorship for details.
Main page
References
- ↑ Hanni Gulwani. Colon nontumor - Noninfectious colitis - Ischemic colitis. PathologyOutlines. Topic Completed: 1 May 2013. Revised: 8 January 2019, last major update May 2013
Image sources